Sometimes the criminals don't realize if they are addressed generally. So in this Surah, the Quraish are pointed at directly and told YOU, mind yourself, fix yourself. Don't think about anyone else, this is exclusively for YOU.
The punishment that could crush you and smother you is showcased in this Surah. The army of Abraha became eaten/chewed up corn.
Islam became an ideological conflict a social conflict and a political and military conflict. The conflict takes place in Makkah.The founder of the city is Ibrahim. His duaa is that which allowed for the city to even exist. This duaa occurs in 2 places: Surah Ibrahim and Surah Baqarah. For a society to be healthy and to function you need peace and prosperity and that is what Ibrahim (a.s) asked for. Free from social and political disturbance, tranquil, calm etc and flourishing financially (in material terms). Interestingly he makes this duaa only for believers. In other words, he is like O Allah let the kuffar starve, I don't care about those. The same thing was implored by Nuh (a.s). He wanted the generations of the kuffar to go extinct.
Now the Arabs have this universal pass, they live in a prosperous city, they enjoy all sorts of fruits (people come from all over arabia to Makkah for trade because it is the center of worship) and they can travel without free of attack because they hold respect for this custodianship of the Ka'bah. So they are being exposed in this Surah. Allah's abundant favour upon them and their blatant disregard to tawheed. So Allah is saying you are not the family for whom Ibrahim (a.s) made duaa for. You are the kuffar that ibrahim was praying again. So Allah is drawing the line between those who are good vs. those who are bad. It explains why the Muslims are different and why they can no longer join the ranks of Quraish.
Ussay3 ----------> Abdu Manaf --------> Hashim (465, flood is 450), Abdul Muttalib, Noufal, Abdul Shams
Because of the flood in Yemen at 465. There is an economic vacuum in Arabia. So Hashim goes to Sham, Sends Abdul Shams to Habasha and Noufal to Iraq. He goes to every neighbouring Empire to do trade to use Makkah as a trading port after Yemen. All Arabs had respect for Makkah because they accepted that Makkah was a religious capital, it has a House built by Allah. So they tried to use it for economic strategic advantage. لِإِيلَافِ is trade agreement.
Hashim has a son named Abdul Muttalib who has a son named Abdullah and he gives birth to Muhammad (s.a.w)
Christians on the other hand were in Rome. They had a massive empire touched Syria, parts of Turkey, Africa, even parts of Yemen and Ethiopia. They were predominately christian with some pagan exceptions. Yemen revolted for some time and became Jewish. During this time, the Christian (Muslims) were persecuted and the incident of the people of the ditch (Surah Burooj) takes place. One man survives and runs to the Christian king in Ethiopia for help who returns the man with 2 of his trusted generals and an army that crushes the Jewish rebellion. The generals reconquer Yemen and dual for leadership over Yemen. Abraha, one of the two generals wins and becomes the Yemeni King. In honour of Najjashi (the Ethiopian King), he builds a cathedral, Qullays. But the Arab pagan population pays homage to the Ka'bah. They are outraged that Abraha wants to his cathedral to replace the ka'bah so they defecate in it in retaliation to show him what they think of "his" place. Arabrah launches an attack against them.
أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ
Singular, each and every individual in the town can testify to what happened. Did you not realize, did you not hear enough times. The Quraish were so amazed at this event that they talked about this all the time. The Arabs didn't have a calendar. Their calendar this event, it was their time of reference/frame of reference. 10 years before 3aam al Feel or 5 years after 3aam al Feel. How did your Lord deal with the army of 10,000 more than the population of arabia combined with a dozen elephants that could run the huts over and flatten the entire city. How can it be, if not for the work of the Master, the city of this peace could be retained. It was not a random accident. Someone is taking care of this city, even in face of Ashab al Feel.
This Surah has a warning for a tyrant that lives in any age in any civilization. He wants to reek havoc an innocent people. He exploits them because they do not have a military defense to match their might and power. When the rulers are weak, they call for the rule of the law but when they have power, they say that it is a special circumstance so they bend the law.
Do you realize how Allah comes to His House and He will come to the help of the Prophet (s.a.w). He has no armies, nothing to defend himself with. He not in a very good position from an economic point of you but Allah aided the Makkans from the unseen and same He will do for His Messenger.
بِأَصْحَابِ الْفِيلِ They are like animals, lack of intelligent. They were lower in status and state than even the animals. Because the animal refused to demolish the Ka'bah and they were insistent to break it.
كَيْدَ plan made in secret to hurt someone, to rob or ambush.
Allah uses herd of birds to destroy these monumental plan. These peaceful, graceful bird dominate and reek havoc on their armies.
Doesn't it scare you the bird didn't drop pebbles upon you. They had GPS on you but they hit another target.
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